本文是一篇英语语言学论文，本文以国家媒体《中国日报》2020年1月–2022年3月期间相关英译报道为例，运用功能对等理论探究抗疫相关内容的翻译策略，以促进国家外宣文本的翻译水平建设，这有助于优化国际形象和国家话语能力建设。目前国内已开启将翻译能力作为一种国家能力的专门探索,无论是对象的变化，主题的深化，还是对重大现实问题的回应，进行外宣水平和国家翻译能力的理论研究，都具有重要价值。
Chapter One Introduction
1.1 Research Background
At the end of 2019,a number of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause weredetected in some hospitals in Wuhan,Hubei Province.In a short period of time,thenumber of infected people rose rapidly,and now experts have confirmed an acuterespiratory infectious disease caused by the COVID-19,which is a human infectiousdisease.Since then,as the epidemic has developed,confirmed cases have alsoappeared in other countries,and this attracted worldwide attention.According to theWorld Health Organization(WHO),the cumulative number of confirmed casesworldwide reached a high of 282 million in December 2021,including 5.41 milliondeaths.Due to the severity of the epidemic and the influence of international spread,pneumonia infected by the new coronavirus has become a public health emergency,and the World Health Organization officially named it COVID-19 on February 11,2022.
Because the first large-scale onset of the COVID-19 appeared/occurred in China,it attracted the attention and coverage of domestic and foreign media,which competedto report on how the Chinese government was controlling the COVID-19 and treatinginfected people.Controversies surrounding the COVID-19 often appear in news pagesor in the comments sections of websites,meanwhile,some foreign media have takenthe opportunity to slander China,calling it“the Chinese virus”.However,in fact,during the outbreak of COVID-19,the Chinese government and people have resistedthe COVID-19 bravely and tenaciously.The distorting news reports by foreign mediawere a kind of racism and a new challenge to China.Therefore,as one of the mostrepresentative and authoritative English language newspaper in China,it isparticularly important for China Daily to correct the false information reported insome news channel and tell the truth to the outside world.
1.2 Significance of the Research
1.2.1 Theoretical significance
Nida’s theory of translation has a significant influence on translation since the1980s.It is thought that Functional Equivalence Theory generated from Bible’stranslation,which provides tenable explanations that such a translation theory wasconcluded from a translation practice mainly about short sentences or extracts ofseveral clauses.Compared with other translation theory,Functional EquivalenceTheory is more suitable for analyses of short-clip speeches,such as the researchobject of the thesis—COVID-related words,usually found out from long paragraphs.Under the framework of Functional Equivalence Theory,it seems possible fordiscussion about the argument between particularity and universality,focusing ondomestic researches,about relevant texts of foreign publicity translated from Chineseto English.The thesis investigates the writing characteristics and translation strategiesof COVID-related texts.In addition,the concepts of national translation capacity,translation practice,foreign translation ability and related issues are also discussed,and the research theory on COVID-19-related texts translation is expanded.
Chapter Two Literature Review
2.1 Studies on Nida’s Functional Equivalence Theory
Eugene Nida,a famous American linguist,translator and translation theorist,isthe first person who put forward the idea of“formal equivalence”and“dynamicequivalence”in his book Towards a Science of Translating in 1964.He believed thatdifferent languages have obvious differences in form and meaning,therefore,formalequivalence was more theoretical while dynamic equivalence was more practical for itsought the most natural and maximum equivalence to the original information.Dynamic equivalence focuses on achieving natural expression in the target languagerather than keeping the form of the original text,while formal equivalence pays attention to the message itself,in both its form and c
