本文是一篇英语语言学论文，本文从生态伦理学视角解读《鹿之民》蕴含的生态观和启示意义。生态伦理关注如何协调人类与自然界的关系，明确人类的生态责任；并提出一系列的道德规范，将道德的概念从人类社会扩大到人与自然万物关系的领域。
Chapter OneINTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to Farley Mowat and People of the Deer
Farley McGill Mowat(1921-2014)is a Canadian writer,naturalist,andconservationist.Throughout his life,he is dedicated to environmental protection.Along with being a talented writer,Mowat is also an expert in public welfare andnatural preservation.He is well-known as an influential eco-friendly writer.Heauthored over forty books,which have been translated into fifty-two languages,andsold more than seventeen million copies.It is for his work on the Canadian North thatMowat gained recognition.Mowat was born in Belleville,Canada in 1921.As ateenager,he published a feature on birds in The Star Phoenix.During World War II,he served in Italy with the 1st Canadian Infantry Division,eventually rising to therank of captain.Mowat described this service experience and his gradual awakeningof anti-war consciousness in his book,And No Birds Sang(1979),which is alsoconsidered by many to be one of the great anti-war memoirs.After the war,heenrolled at the University of Toronto to study zoology.He participated in an observational nature expedition,which became a significant experience in his life.During this period,Mowat and his zoology classmate Frank Banfield became awareof the poverty and hunger that affected Canadian indigenous people:the Inuit.Also,this experience motivated Mowat to dedicate his career to defending the rights ofthese people.After graduating from university,Mowat worked as a field researcherfor American naturalist Francis Harper,studying North American caribou in NueltinLake,Nunavut.He also collaborated with Frank Banfield,who later became the chiefmammologist for the Canadian Wildlife Service,on studies of North Americancaribou in the barrens.Mowat’s experience in the north region,spent with wildlifeand local people—the Inuit,provided him with much material for his writing.
1.2 Introduction to the Theory of Ecological Ethics
It is stated that“modern ethics primarily focuses on interpersonal relationships.”(Li Mei:2016,49)Interpersonal ethics encompasses various models for handlinghuman relations within different cultural contexts.However,with the vastdevelopment of the economy and modern science,and human beings’reliance ontechnology,many issues spill over into the theoretical framework of interpersonalethics.In the face of increasingly complex natural conditions and cultural crises,ethics aims to find a new way that appropriately respect and deal with all the speciesand lives on earth—ecological ethics.Ecological ethics differs from traditionalethics in its use of an interspecies ethical stance to address ethical relations betweendifferent species,rather than purely relying on interpersonal ethics.This approachalso considers the relationship between nonhumans and humans,which is a crucialissue in ethical reflection on nonhuman subjects.In his renowned work TheReverence for Life,Albert Schweitzer argues that literature should combine thediscovery of knowledge with an ethical attitude to redirect the evolution of thecollective consciousness of mankind.Therefore,the central issue in constructing aneco-ethical system in literature,especially the eco-literature,is the ethical stance taken when writing or analyzing about the relationship between humans and non-humans.
Chapter TwoLITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Studies on the Novel at Home and Abroad
Concerning the research conducted overseas,many of the papers available onProQuest,Google Scholar,and other official websites that discuss Farley Mowat andhis works are book reviews.The studies initially focus on democratic rights in theCanadian Arctic region,such as From Far and Wide:A Complete History ofCanada’s Arctic Sovereignty by Peter Pigott written by Adam Lajeunesse,in whichAdam claims Mowat’s works embody the sovereignty of Canada’s Arctic greatly.Italso shows that these literary works of Mowa
